作者：吴志文;吴松原;杨淑军;

机构：广元市林业和园林管理局;广元市大东英才学校;广元市利州区农业局;

中文关键词：梧桐;;凤凰;;佛教圣树;;女皇文化

英文关键词：phoenix tree;phoenix;sacred tree of Chinese Buddhism;empress culture

中文摘要：文章分析了梧桐、凤凰、女皇3者的生态历史文化象征与浸润相融情况,指出梧桐蕴涵的女皇武则天历史文化的复合象征意义及其生态价值。从神学看,梧桐栖凤意象是借助于梧桐表现出来的神话传说;凤与龙并行,凤代表杰出女性,女皇武则天为凤凰化身,而作为神鸟的凤凰专栖于作为神树的梧桐树,梧桐象征女皇的龙生凤身。从佛学看,梧桐之所以具有中国佛教圣树意象是因为其与菩提树有许多相似之处,梧桐在历史上适应了当地气候,历代在佛教寺庙广泛种植因而代替了菩提树;凤凰也是佛鸟,女皇武则天为弥勒佛转世,梧桐象征着女皇佛身。从森林文化看,历代园林种植及诗文创作借助梧桐表现出具有主观情意的审美文化:梧桐的爱情喻象象征女皇武则天的人性情感;梧桐的孤高意象象征我国历史上唯一的女皇帝王身;梧桐叶落秋至象征武则天去帝称后;桐凤高洁与梧桐的凄苦、悲伤等丰富的审美文化意蕴女皇武则天1 300多年来被人评说。同时,桐凤意象亦有其深刻的生态价值:在人的精神观念中,梧桐栖凤象征着人类的和谐文明以及对美好生活的殷切希望。加深森林文化方面的女皇文化研究,以桐凤为喻,可打造森林文化创意园区,创建森林文化城市。

英文摘要：This paper is intented to analyze the interrelation,mutual influence and integration of phoenix tree,phoenix and empress in ecological and cultural terms.The study indicates the historical-cultural symbolical meaning of Empress Wu of phoenix tree,and the ecological value.Empress Wu is the incarnation of dragon,rebirth of Maitreya Buddha with godship.From aspect of theology,phoenix stays at phoenix tree that is a myth by means of phoenix tree;phoenix and dragon keep abreast,phoenix represents outstanding woman,and Empress Wu is the incarnation of phoenix(super holy bird),phoenix liked to stay on phoenix tree(super sacred tree).Therefore phoenix tree represents the body of empress.In Buddhism,phoenix(tree's) imagery being the sacred tree of Chinese Buddhism is its feature,which is formed when the tree is cultivated in religious temple.Empress Wu is a human with humanity.In forest culture,imagery of phoenix tree is of aesthetic culture which represents pure love subjective intension by means of phoenix tree in gardens planting of past dynasties and composition of poetry.Love imagery of phoenix tree and phoenix symbolizes human emotion of Empress Wu.Lofty imagery of phoenix tree symbolizes the only one empress in China.That falling leaves of phoenix tree shows autumn comes which symbolized Empress Wu lost her Kingship and became queen for the rest of her life.Aesthetic cultural connotation,consisting of nobleness and hope of phoenix and misery and sad of phoenix tree,symbolized people's comment to Empress Wu in the passed one thousand and three hundreds years.Ecological value of phoenix imagery: nine holy birds which perch at bronze divine trees of Sanxingdui,and Sunbird of the Jinsha Site gives an impression that golden bird carries the sun to soar in the universe,in human's mental concept,phoenix tree symbolizes habitat for humanity of ecological civilization,phoenix symbolizes human's dream of flying.Phoenix likes to stay on phoenix tree which symbolizes harmonious civilization of human and human's earnest hope for good life.

[中文刊名]：北京林业大学学报(社会科学版) [出版日期]：2009-12-15 [CN]：11-4740/C [ISSN]：1671-6116

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