作者：张金龙

机构：山东大学历史文化学院 250100教授

中文关键词：北魏前期;;禁卫武官制度;;幢将;;郎卫;;殿中尚书;;司卫监

英文关键词：

中文摘要：北魏建立之初即确立了与汉代郎官制度相似的幢将郎卫制度 ,以内都幢将为长官的幢将郎卫制度负责以皇帝保卫为核心的禁卫事务。幢将与内三郎及羽林、虎贲等郎官多由鲜卑官贵子弟充任 ,幢将郎卫制度延续约百年之久 ,是北魏前期禁卫武官制度的主体。约从太武帝时出现了殿中尚书与司卫监 ,殿中尚书“典宿卫” ,为禁卫军首长之一 ,司卫监有监督殿中尚书之责。殿中尚书与司卫监多出身于拓跋鲜卑及其附从部族。殿中尚书、司卫监与幢将郎卫两个系统共同承担保卫北魏皇帝及宫城的禁卫职责 ,皇帝出征或出巡时禁卫武官均有率兵从驾侍卫的职能。禁卫武官制度及其所体现的禁卫军权与北魏前期政治关系极为密切。

英文摘要：The system of zhuang jiang lang wei (幢将郎卫), something similar to the lang guan (Court Gentlemen) system, was established at the time of foundation of the Northern Wei. Zhuang jiang lang wei headed by nei du zhuang jiang (内都幢将) were responsible for protection of the imperial palace, particularly the emperor himself. Zhuang jiang and other Court Gentlemen such as nei san lang (内三郎), yu lin (羽林) and hu ben (虎贲) were mostly selected from offsprings of Xianbei officials and aristocrats. The system lasted for a hundred years or so and served as the core of palace guard officers system in the early Northern Wei dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Taiwu, the posts of dian zhong shang shu (殿中尚书) and si wei jian (司卫监) were set. The former was one of the palace guard heads, while the latter was responsible for the supervision of the former. Candidates for these two posts were usually from Tuoba Xianbei and subordinating tribes. The two systems shared the responsibilities of protecting the emperor and the imperial palace, and attending and protecting the emperor on expeditions and other travel. The military power of palace guard officers embedded in these systems was closely related to political relations in the early days of the dynasty.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2003-06-15 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

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