作者：何顺果

机构：北京大学历史系 100871教授

中文关键词：东欧;;“再版农奴制”;;劳役制庄园

英文关键词：

中文摘要：通过与美洲奴隶种植园经济所做多角度比较 ,可以发现 1 6世纪以来在东欧建立的劳役制庄园 ,无论从主人的本来身份还是从生产目的和生产方式等来看都与经典的“资本主义”有很大不同 ,在这里存在的是农奴对贵族的依附 ,而不是劳动对资本的从属 ,哪怕它是以强迫形式来实现的。因此东欧的“再版农奴制”庄园经济 ,不仅不是真正的“资本主义” ,甚至连“形式上”的资本主义也不是 ,但也不能简单地说它们是“封建的” ,因为随着日益深深地卷入商品和市场的漩涡 ,这种封建庄园经济会逐渐商品化 ,并最终会不同程度地发生转化。

英文摘要：In depth comparison of the American slave plantation economy and the East European corvée manor economy after the 16 th century shows great differences between the two in terms of the status of owners and the purposes and modes of production. Using a classical definition of “capitalism,” we see in the corvée manors the dependence of serfs on aristocrats, rather than the subordination of labor to capital, even in its coercive forms, as seen in slave plantations. Thus “neo serfdom” economies in the East Europe were not capitalist in the classic sense; they were not even formally capitalist. However, it is improper to label them “feudal,” as some degree of commercialization was to prove inevitable with the development of commodities and market.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2003-08-15 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

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