作者：毛佩琦

机构：文物出版社

中文关键词：明成祖;;郑和下西洋;;天下格局

英文关键词：Ming Cheng Emperor, Zheng He’s Navigating East-Southern Asian, Situation of Land under Heaven.

中文摘要：郑和下西洋是明成祖雄才大略的一部分。朱棣希望做一个儒家学说理想中的天下共主,这个天下共主不仅要统治以北京为中心的大帝国,而且要以北京为中心在全天下推行“天朝礼制体系”,建立一个儒家理想的天下格局。在天朝礼制体系的格局之下:1.得到天命的天子君主天下,有责任向全天下的人“施恩布德”;2.天子有责任让全天下的人“遂其生业,不至失所”;3.全天下的人都应该“祗顺天道”,“循礼安分,毋得违越”;4.在天子的监督之下,天下的人与人、国与国之间,“不可欺寡,不可凌弱”;5.天子最终要实现的目的是全天下“共享太平之福”。明成祖所要建立的天下秩序,是当时历史的产物。他的思想观念无法超出历史的限制。我们不能用今天普遍承认的国家关系准则去要求他。也就是说,他的观念与当今世界大小国家一律平等的观念立意是不同的。但是,在当时的情况下,明朝以其力量所及,为维护和平秩序,为保护商路通畅,为各国之间的和平交往做出了重要贡献。特别是,明朝不掠夺别国财物,不侵占别国领土,坚持厚往薄来,这不仅使我们看到一个泱泱大国的风采,也使我们不能不赞叹中国传统文化的博大。

英文摘要：Zheng He’s Navigating South-eastern Asian was one of Ming Cheng Emperor Zhu Di’s ambitious. Zhu Di hope to be as a Confusian’s ideal mutal-emperor not only controling capital centre of Beijing, but pushing Celestial Empire courtesy system into land of heaven centered on Beijing and setting up Confusian’s ideal Situation of land under heaven.Under celestial empire courtesy system, 1. emperor thorne land of heaven and has responsibility for giving benefaction to all people of land of heaven;2. emperor has responsibility for allowing all people of land of heaven having good life and good place to live;3. all people of land of heaven must comply with celestial empire system and don’t breach courtesy system;4. In the supervisation of emperor, Pepole and country of land under heaven can interdepend and can not rag puiness; 5. emperor’s ultimately goal is all people of land of heaven sharing peace and tranquility. Ming Cheng Emperor’ s capital order is historical outcome. His ideology was tied by the history of his era. That is to say,his conception has diffenrences with conception that all country have equality whatever small or large.We don’t require him what to do and how to do relying on the rules of country relation. But Ming Dynasty make contributions towards peaceful diplomatism of all country, maintenance peace order, and keep business path open and smooth depending on its power. Specially, Ming Dynasty keep on profund relation with other countries. It gives us a sample of big country’s elegant demeanour and make us to highly praise our Chinese traditional culture.

[中文刊名]：故宫博物院院刊 [出版日期]：2005-05-30 [CN]：11-1202/G2 [ISSN]：0452-7402

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