作者：苗建民

机构：故宫博物院文保科技部

中文关键词：清代珐琅;;珐琅料;;铜及其合金;;掐丝珐琅;;珐琅制作工艺;;镀金(火镀金、鎏金);;原子发射光谱;;扫描电子显微镜;;金相分析

英文关键词：Qing Dynasty enamelware; enamel ingredients; copper and its alloys; wire filigree enamelware; enamelware manufacturing technology; plating (heat-plating; gilding); atomic emission spectrometry; scanning electron microscopy; metallographic analy

中文摘要：作者运用原子发射光谱、扫描电子显微镜、偏光显微镜和金相显微镜,对故宫博物院藏清代珐琅残片进行了实验分析。研究中.对构成珐琅的硅酸盐材料、铜材料、焊接材料以及镀金层的元素组成进行了测试;对珐琅残片断面的焊接层和镀金层的微观形貌、焊接层的金相组织进行了观察和鉴别。在此基础上,运用结晶学、矿物学、金属学和金相学的基础理论对珐琅原料种类、各种原料的作用、珐琅料的熔制与烧蓝、铜材料与焊接材料的合金属性、焊层的金相组织、掐丝珐琅的烧制工艺等问题加以探讨,试图藉现代科技手段揭示清代珐琅所包含的科学技术内涵。

英文摘要：The author discusses the laboratory use of atomic emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, polarization microscopy and metallurgical microscopy to analyze the Qing dynasty enamelware in the collection of the Palace Museum. In the study, analytical testing was conducted of the metals groups in the silicates, bronze materials, welding materials and plating. The researchers observed and classified the metal groups in the cross-sectional micro structure of the fragments of the welded layers and plating of the enamelware. On the basis of this work, the researchers then used the basic principles of crystallography, metallurgy and metallography to examine such questions as the classification of the types of materials used in the enamelware, the applications of the various ingredients, the foundry techniques and enameling, the alloys used in the bronze materials and the welding materials, the metallographic structure of the welded layering, and the craft and technology used to apply to coiling wire filigree outer design structure. The experiments were intended to reveal the S & T elements in the production of Qing enamelware.

[中文刊名]：故宫博物院院刊 [出版日期]：2004-01-30 [CN]：11-1202/G2 [ISSN]：0452-7402

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