作者：刘潞

机构：故宫博物院研究室

中文关键词：乾隆;;五礼;;礼器;;祭器;;仪器;;冠服;;卤簿;;乐器;;武备

英文关键词：Qianlong Emperor; wu li (five classes of ritual); liqi(ritual object); jiqi (sacrificial ritual implement); yiqi (instruments);guanfu (hats and apparel); lubo (guards of honour); yueqi (musicalinstruments); wubei (weaponry).

中文摘要：《皇朝礼器图式》是乾隆帝钦命绘制的一部与清礼息息相关的器物图谱。本文通过对该图所绘器物的含义及乾隆礼制思想确立的梳理,分析了乾隆绘制《礼器图》的本意是在表达一种治国理念,以期用图谱的形式为社会各等级人士设立行为规范,从而达到上下有序、尊卑有别的治国目的。透过这些器物,我们可以看到以服饰为代表的满汉文化的融合,以军器为代表的中国开始落后于西方的历史,以仪器为代表的中西文化的冲突等等很多重要的清朝社会波澜。此图不但是我们今天认识200年前天文地理仪器、冠袍带履、车马轿舆、枪炮军械、民族乐器等文物的重要参考文献,也是我们了解18世纪中国社会变化的一份珍贵的形象资料。

英文摘要：Huangchao liqi tushi (Illustrations of Imperial Ritual Paraphernalia) was anillustrated inventory of court ritual items commissioned by the Qianlong Emperor. Theauthor has conducted a thorough investigation of the significance of the objects in-cluded in the work, the Qianlong Emperor’s concepts regarding ritual, and the basicintention to enable the depicted objects to embody concepts of rule, and reveals theexpectation that this illustrated work would provide all levels of society with avisualised embodiment of ritual and serve the governing aim of establishing systems ofprecedence and hierarchy. The objects demonstrate the synthesis of Manchu and Han ethnicstyles of clothing and decoration. The weapons depicted in the work show that China wasbeginning to lag behind the West, and the other ritual paraphernalia also illustrate theconflict between China and the West. Not only does this work provide us today with avaluable visual reference and record of astronomical and geographical instruments, dressand apparel, equipage and equestrian paraphernalia, military weapons and ethnic musicalThe article Chinese appears frompage 130 to 144.instruments dating back more than two centuries, but it also enables usto appreciate the social changes China underwent in the 18th century.

[中文刊名]：故宫博物院院刊 [出版日期]：2004-07-30 [CN]：11-1202/G2 [ISSN]：0452-7402

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