作者：张倩红;贾延宾;

机构：河南大学世界历史研究所;河南大学高校人文重点学科研究中心;南京大学哲学宗教学系;

中文关键词：拿破仑;;犹太人;;犹太名人会议;;犹太教公会

英文关键词：

中文摘要：拿破仑执掌政权后的犹太政策集中体现在召开"犹太名人会议"和恢复重组犹太教公会。他继承并发展了法国大革命赋予法国的犹太人以公民权的优秀成果,但是,在执政期间既限制又利用犹太人。表面上的宽容难以掩盖其复杂的政治动机与经济考虑,法国大革命所弘扬的"自由、平等、博爱"与利己的民族主义交织在一起。尽管拿破仑的犹太政策充满了矛盾性,但还是为以后百余年间欧洲犹太人的生活定下了基调,使越来越多的犹太人放弃了社团自治,逐步融入所在国家的社会生活。

英文摘要：Napoleon's policies towards the Jews after he took power were highlighted in the Assembly of Jewish Notables and the reconstruction of the Sanhedrin.He retained and developed the citizenship rights that had been conferred on French Jews during the Revolution.However,while in power he restricted and made use of the Jews.His apparent tolerance failed to completely hide his complex political motives and economic considerations.The ideals of "liberty,equality and fraternity" advocated in the Revolution mingled with self-interested nationalism.Nevertheless,despite these contradictions,Napoleon set the keynote for European Jewry in the following century.More and more Jewish people began to give up communal autonomy and gradually merge into the societies in which they lived.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2008-12-15 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

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