作者：肖自力;

机构：华南师范大学历史文化学院,中山大学历史系博士研究生广州510275 副教授,广州510631

中文关键词：钨砂;;统制经济;;南京国民政府;;中德贸易;;中央与地方关系

英文关键词：

中文摘要：国民政府的钨砂统制萌发于1930年,主要肇因于钨砂作为稀有军用原料的特殊重要性以及自由钨业市场的混乱失序,但初期的几次统制尝试均因地方势力的抗拒、掣肘而停顿。1933年起,基于彼此的需要,中德两国开始推动易货贸易,钨砂充当了国民政府引入德国军工设备、加强抗战军事准备的重要媒介,钨砂统制被迅速地"特殊化"。经过与广东等省地方政府的艰难博弈,钨砂统制在抗战前得以确立。它的确立除了现实的经济效益外,更具重大的政治意义,特别是对抗战的准备与实际支撑、对促进中央与地方关系的整合起了重要作用。

英文摘要：The Nationalist government first contemplated a monopoly on tungsten ore in 1930,since it was extremely important as a rare material for military-related industries and the free tungsten market was in total chaos at the time.However,its initial efforts failed due to resistance and hindrance on the part of local forces.In 1933,China and Germany joined hands in a barter trade arising out of their mutual needs.The Nationalists took tungsten as a key material in exchange for military-related industrial equipment from Germany in preparation for a war against Japanese aggression.The state monopoly over tungsten ore soon gained a special position.It was established before the war,through tough negotiations with provincial governments in Guangdong and other provinces.The monopoly was more significant in political than in economic terms.It played an important role in preparation and actual support for the war against Japanese aggression,and in integration of the central and local governments.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2008-02-15 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

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