作者：许晓东;

机构：故宫博物院古器物部;

中文关键词：琥珀艺术;;工艺;;题材;;造型;;文化内涵

英文关键词：amber art;;arts and crafts;;objects;;modeling;;cultural significance

中文摘要：琥珀作为艺术载体在我国的出现,至少可以追溯到距今三千余年前的四川广汉三星堆遗址时期,其使用一直延绵不断。本文主要利用考古出土材料,并结合文献,对自商至元(不包括辽代)历代琥珀制品的题材、造型、工艺、使用及其文化内涵作全面的梳理和探讨。文章认为,琥珀在我国古代是作为与水晶、玛瑙、琉璃、犀、玳瑁、玉石、金等相当的贵重物品进入人们视野的。其使用多限于皇室、贵族和高官,是使用者地位、财富和奢华生活的象征。琥珀主要作为小件饰品使用,其次用作印章。至于琥珀用作杯、盅、盏、枕、碟、盒等实用器皿,虽有记载,但非常罕见。琥珀制品的造型,与同时代其他贵重材质器物的造型相同或相似,其制作以圆雕为主,少量片雕、镂雕,加刻简单的阴线表现细部特征。历代琥珀艺术呈现的面貌各不相同。

英文摘要：Amber was used in decorative art in China consistently for more than three thousand years and examples have been found at the Guanghan-Sanxingdui site in Sichuan.The author relies on archaeological finds and textual material to examine the types,shapes,craft, applications and cultural significance of amber objects from the Shang to the Yuan(including Liao) dynasties.It was regarded as a precious object like crystal,agate,turquoise,rhinoceros horn,shell,jade and precious metals,and its use was limited to the imperial household, aristocrats and high officials as a token of position and wealth.It was mostly used for small decorative items,and as seals.Although it is recorded as having been used to make cups, plates and other items,these uses are rarely seen.Carving in the round was the main form of decoration with a small amount of flat and open-work carving with simple carved recessed lines.Amber objects have the distinctive appearance of the different periods in which they were produced.

[中文刊名]：故宫博物院院刊 [出版日期]：2009-11-30 [CN]：11-1202/G2 [ISSN]：0452-7402

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