作者：刘杰

机构：山东大学

中文关键词：

英文关键词：

中文摘要：马丁·布伯从哲学人类学的立场去理解宗教，揭示了人的“对话的存在”。 对布伯来讲，人类宗教的历史就是人与上帝对话的历史，人与上帝的对话关系就是一种“我—你”关系。正是在对话中，我们就达到了“之间”的领域，哲学人类学就是关于“之间”的人类学。人的对话的存在充分地体现在“原始距离”和“关系性”之中。人建立其“关系性”的能力也就是一种“神性”，因此，哲学人类学必然蕴涵着一种“神学”。他认为，宗教信仰的基础乃是人与上帝、与永恒的“你”之间存在的那个对话关系。有关宗教信仰的所有陈述的基础是那些具有信赖性质的对话关系，而不是对教义内容的信仰。布伯反对任何对宗教所做的抽象研究，因此他鄙视基督教神学。布伯还以犹太教为例，分析了宗教的精神实质。他认为，犹太教是一种精神过程，它包含着对三个观念的追求，即“统一的观念”，“行动的观念”和“未来的观念”。

英文摘要：To comprehend religion from the standpoint of philosophical anthropology,Martin Buber revealed “the existence of dialogue”of human race. For Martin Buber,the religious history of human race is the history of dialogue between humankind and God,the dialogic relationship between human race and God is a kind of relationship between I and Thou. Just in the dialogue,we attain to the sphere of “Betweenness”,philosophical anthropology is anthropology concerning“Betweenness”. “The Dialogic Existence” of human race is fully embodied in“the primordial distance ”and “relationship”.The capacity of human race to establish their “relationship”is also a kind of divinity,therefore,philosophical anthropology must necessarily contain a kind of “theology”. He believes that the foundation of religious beliefs is that dialogic relationship existing between human race and God,between human race and eternal Thou.The foundations of all statements about religious beliefs are those dialogic relationships with trustful characteristic,rather than belief in doctrinal contents.Buber was agaist any abstract research of religions,therefore he disdained Christian theology.Taking Judaism as example,Buber analysed the spiritual substance of religion.He held that Judaism was a kind of spiritual process,it contained the pursuits to three ideas,i.e.“the idea of unity,”“the idea of action,”and “the idea of future”.

[中文刊名]：世界宗教研究 [出版日期]：2000-12-30 [CN]：11-1299/B [ISSN]：1000-4289

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