作者：巴尔克曼,刘彦威

机构：中国农业博物馆研究所!北京100026

中文关键词：成吉思汗;;蒙古;;千户制;;永乐皇帝

英文关键词：Chinggis Khan; the Mongols; the Minggan; Emperor Yongle

中文摘要：成吉思汗建立了蒙古帝国，以千户制巩固了统治，国土横跨欧亚。至忽必烈在中原大地建立了蒙元王朝。１３６８年元朝灭亡后，众多蒙古人返回蒙古本土，与当地统治者发生权力斗争。蒙古本土也因无法为骤然增多的人口提供给养而导致经济崩溃。蒙古人不断侵扰明朝边境，迫使永乐皇帝率兵亲征，更加剧了蒙古困难局面。重建蒙古强力政权的努力一再破产。直至达延可汗，蒙古再现生机。

英文摘要：Chinggis Khan built up Mongolian Empire. His rule was consolidated through "the Minggan System". The land across the Eurasia. Khubilai Khan established the Yuan dynasty in Central Plains. After the decline of the Yuan dynasty in 1368, large crowds of Mongols returned to their original homeland. New conflicts for power generated between the return of the people and local rulers. As homeland wasn' t able to supply food for these people, Mongolian economy crumbled. This situation forced the Mongolians to go on repeated forays into the Chinese Ming Empire. Emperor Yongle decided to take command of the punishment expeditions himself. The situation of Mongols was more difficult the life reappeared in the Mongols up to the reign of Dayan Khan.

[中文刊名]：中国边疆史地研究 [出版日期]：2000-06-15 [CN]：11-2795/K [ISSN]：11-2795/K

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