作者：李伯重

机构：清华大学人文学院 100084

中文关键词：元代中国;;水转大纺车;;工业革命;;阿克莱水力纺纱机

英文关键词：

中文摘要：世界上最早发明和运用的水力纺纱机 ,并非工业革命初期英国的阿克莱水力纺纱机 ,而是元代中国的水转大纺车。这种大纺车是宋元中国机械制作技术成就之集大成者 ,在中原和四川一些地方已得到相当广泛的运用。以水转大纺车为代表的中国机械技术知识西传到欧洲后 ,对以阿克莱水力纺纱机为代表的近代机器的发明产生了重要的促进作用。虽然大纺车在元代以后在中国并未销声匿迹 ,但未能像阿克莱水力纺纱机那样引起一系列重大后果。

英文摘要：The earliest hydraulic weaving machine in the world was not Britains mechanical spinner invented by Sir Richard Arkwright in the early days of the industrial revolution, but the hydraulic spinning wheel invented in China during the Yuan dynasty. This big spinning wheel embodied the culmination of mechanical skills of the Chinese people during the Song and Yuan dynasties and was widely used in the Central Plains and Sichuan in that period. The spread to the West of Chinese mechanical knowledge represented by the big spinning wheel encouraged the development of modern machines represented by Arkwrights mechanical spinner. Although the big spinning wheel was still in use after the Yuan dynasty it did not help fundamentally transform the textile industry as Sir Richard Arkwrights mechanical spinner did.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2002-02-15 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

下载全文 下载CAJ阅读器