作者：吴宇虹

机构：东北师范大学世界文明研究中心、世界古典文明史研究所 130024

中文关键词：年代;;纪年;;泥板;;天象

英文关键词：

中文摘要：在两河流域出土了大批碑刻和泥板文书 ,同文献一道可以建立一个内在的相对年代体系。亚述地区的《名年官表》等文献是公元前一千纪年代学的主要依据 ,参照现代天文学提供的日蚀数据和文献材料 ,亚述名年官记录的日蚀日为公元前 763年 ;以此为基点 ,亚述历史年代可以直推至公元前 15世纪。天象预兆泥板提供了古巴比伦王朝第 10王的第 1— 8年的金星运行记录 ,参照现代天文学提供的金星运行史表 ,年代学者提出了“高年代体系” ,“中年代体系” ,“低年代体系” ,对其分析、推演表明中年代体系与历史文献提供的相对数值最为接近 ;古巴比伦王朝的公元年序得以建立。公元前三千纪上半时期定义为“早王朝” ,并分为三期。

英文摘要：Great quantities of tablet inscriptions and cuneiform tablets have been excavated in the valley of Tigris and Euphrates rivers, including some that refer to astronomical events, chiefly eclipses of the moon, which are very useful for determining the relative chronology within its own system. The chief bases in the study of the chronology one millennium before the birth of Christ in the area of ancient Assyria are still the limmu or eponym lists. Data on eclipses of the sun furnished by modern astronomy as well as other relevant literature helps determine that the solar eclipse recorded in the limmu lists occurred in 763 BC. With this a base point, the chronology of Assyrian history can be traced back to the fifteenth century BC. Cuneiform tablets bearing observations of astronomical phenomena record the movement of the planet Venus during the first to the eighth year of ancient Babylons first king. A chronology of ancient Babylon is established by relating this to the history of the movement of Venus.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2002-08-15 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

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