作者：唐金裕;

机构：中国科学院考古研究所;

中文关键词：

英文关键词：

中文摘要：<正> 一、发掘经过及地层情况遗址位於现西安市郊的西北部,东距玉祥门约1.5公里,北距汉代长安城故址约1公里馀,南邻大土门村(图一)。遗址在未发掘之前,地势略高於其周围的一般地面,中部是一个不规则的大土堆,其南北长180,东西宽约60馀米,中部最高处约5—7米,当地的人们把它叫做"塚屹?"(图版壹,1)。

英文摘要：Located in the western suburb of modern Sian, the present site lies about a little overa kilometer to the north of the Han city of Ch'ang-an. Prior to the excavations, the areawas an irregularly shaped earthen mound which had a length of 180 meters from south tonorth and a width of over 60 meters from east to west. Its highest point attained aheight of 5--7 meters from the ground level. It was first discovered in July, 1956 by the Commission for the Preservation of An-cient Monuments of Shensi Province which made some diggings. But since March 1957the work was taken over by the Institute of Archaeology, Academia Sinica. During thisperiod, a total area of 6,678 square meters was excavated. The excavations revealed that this was an architectural site of the Hun dynasty. Itsoriginal structure was found to have consisted of three parts: (1) A central structure; (2)An enclosing wall with its four gates and auxiliary buildings; and (3) A long ditch en-circling the walls. Originally, the central structure stood on a rectangular earthen platform of which theupper part was pounded. And the platform in turn was built on a circular foundation ofpounded earth with a diameter of over 60 meters. The plan of this central structure re-sembled the character "亚" and faced due south and north. In each of the four cornersof the large earthen platform were two small rectangular platforms of pounded earth. Andaround this large earthen platform in the four directions stood four halls. Of the latter the north hall had only four "pao hsia" (抱厦, out-buildings) while all the other threewere provided with eight for each. The main room of all the halls was located insidethe pao hsia". Their walls were either of mud bricks or of pounded earth. The con-struction of the foundation of these halls was a highly complicated process. Taking thenorth hall for example, the ground was of red earth with very smooth surface. Beneaththis layer of red earth were another layer of fine earth and a layer of mud paste mixedwith chopped straw, superimposed on six layers of mud bricks. The stone pillar bases ofthe halls were of two kinds, being either oblong or square in shape. The enclosing walls, likewise built of pounded earth, were of equal length on all foursides, measuring 235 meters on each side and lying at a distance of 96 meters from thecentral structure. To facilitate the flowing of rain water, a tiny slope was constructedalong their base and below the slope ran a small drainage built of bricks. At the exactcenter of the walls on each side a gate, measuring 12.5 meters in length and 4.5 metersin width, was provided. And in each of the four corners of the walls were two rows ofauxiliary buildings forming a carpenter's square. Encircling the walls ran a long ditch.On the outside of the sections of this long ditch opposite to the four gates was added asmall oblong shaped ditch. All the ditches were built of bricks and covered with slabs.The one on the north was linked with a nearby canal. In addition to the discovery of a complete Han dynasty architectural plan which wasa rare find, the excavations also yielded a large quantity of tiles with cord impression, fivewu chu coins, three bronze arrowheads and some iron nails. These objects indicate that thesite should be attributed to the Western Han. On the basis of its architectural plan andan initial research into some historical references the structure has been tentatively identifiedas a "pi' yung"(辟雍)

[中文刊名]：考古学报 [出版日期]：1959-06-15 [CN]： [ISSN]：

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