作者：杨宝成;徐广德;

机构：中国社会科学院考古研究所安阳工作队;

中文关键词：

英文关键词：

中文摘要：<正> 安阳后冈遗址,是我国著名的考古学家梁思永先生于1931年春,首次发现的一处重要的古遗址。它坐落在洹河南岸一舌形河湾的高冈上。冈呈不规则的椭圆形,南北长约400、东西宽约250米,遗址总面积约10万平方米。包含有仰韶、龙山和殷代三个不同时期的文化遗存,其中以龙山文化遗存的分布范围最广,文化遗物最丰富(图版壹,1)。该遗址曾经多次发掘。从1931年春至1934年春,共发掘过四次。发掘区主要在冈顶附近及遗址的北半部,发掘面积总计1209平方米。梁思永先生首次在这里找到了小屯、龙山

英文摘要：The stratified cultural deposits of the Hougang site near Anyang City,Henan Pro-vince consists of sven layers.Save the first layer which is the surface soil,the second layeris of the Shang culture and the rest are of the Longshan Culture.Over 800 pieces of an-tiquities were unearthed from the site,including pottery,jade and stone artifacts,ar-ticles made of bones and shells,etc.The remains of 39 houses of the Longshan culture were discovered.Most of them areround in plan with diameters from 3.6 to 5 meters.All the houses are built at ground le-vel and the foundations are simply rammed earth.The walls are built either of mud,ofmud reinforced with wooden frames or of sun-dried bricks (adobes).The floor is gene-rally plastered with white lime,though in some cases the floor is a layer of hard-bakedearth.There is one house that has a planked floor.Most of the houses have a round fireplace in the center of the room.There are post-holes both inside and outside the houses.Most of the houses have a door open in the south wall.Around the houses there are pavedaprons or the protection of walls.Fifty eight storage pits were discovered and nearly all of them are located aroundthe houses.Most of them were dug in the shape of a barrel or a pocket.Twenty seven child burials were discovered,seventeen of which were placed in potteryurns and no burial coffins of any kind were found in the other ten.Most of the burialslie beneath the houses or their walls,an indication that these children are probably thevictims of the sacrifice made during the founding of the houses.A classification of the pottery and the depositing sequence of the cultural remains atthe site allow that the Longshan complex at Hougang may be divided into three periods:the early (the 6th and 7th layers),the middle (the 5th layer) and the late period (the 3rdand 4th layers).The C~(14) dating of the charcoal and lime samples taken from the ruinsshow that the absolute date of the late period is about 2300-2100 B.C.,that of the middleperiod is about 2500—2300 B.C.and that of the early period about 2700—2500 B.C.The general cultural aspect of the Hougang site is similar to that of the Wangyou-fang type distributed in eastrn Henan Province and that of the Qinggudui type in wes-tern Shandong Province.These three local types of culture are three varieties of one andthe same culture.We are of the opinion that this culture should be named the HougangⅡ culture.

[中文刊名]：考古学报 [出版日期]：1985-01-15 [CN]： [ISSN]：

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