作者：Bernhard Schmaltz;

机构：基尔大学考古艺术研究所;

中文关键词：彩绘;;考尔雅典女神;;雅典卫城682;;艺术雕像

英文关键词：Polychromy;;Korai;;Kore Acro.682;;Archaic sculpture

中文摘要：在15世纪的意大利,人们发现了大量的古代雕塑遗存,基本上都是大理石雕塑残片。出于对大理石的迷恋、对雕刻工艺的欣赏、对人体雕塑生动表现的着迷,当时的贵族热衷于收集这些残片并试图拼对与重建这些残破的雕塑。但是几乎没有发现任何颜色的残存,他们甚至不会去探究彩绘他们更赞赏大理石洁白无瑕的表面。19世纪早期,建筑学家们考察了西西里一些古代庙宇的彩绘残存,随后有关一些著名希腊神庙(如帕台农神庙)彩绘的重构工作在全欧洲引发了热烈的讨论。但是对于这些雕塑涂施彩绘的强烈质疑声一直持续到十九世纪八十年代,直到雅典卫城发掘工作的开展才证实了古代大理石雕塑彩绘的事实。出土时,很多破碎的雕塑残片上都残存有鲜亮的彩绘,但通常在出土几个小时后就由于干燥而剥落了,只有依稀的彩绘痕迹残存,以及工作人员的描述和水彩模画。今天,翻开现代有关古代雕塑的书籍,你会发现大量彩色照片,但总是显现白色大理石表面。有关雕塑的工艺、功能和历史发展的意义的讨论已经很多了,但是很难得到一个完整的古代雕塑彩绘的例子。不仅仅是雅典卫城的雕塑曾经涂饰彩绘,经过重建工作这一时期有大量彩绘的例子。本次工作即是采用古代颜料与模具,尽可能完整的重建了一尊古代雕塑。

英文摘要：In the discussion on ancient polychromy,a valuable documentation is the relics of painted sculpture excavated in the 1880ies on the Athenian Acropolis(castle of ancient Athens).At that time,quite often brilliant colours were still preserved,which in the meantime have vanished nearly totally.Besides some watercolours,which were produced after the excavation and which give a faint idea of the archaic polychromy, there exists the casts of 5 korai(statue of a girl),which were made in 1911 and were painted some years later by using the watercolours and the relics of colours still existing at that time.Among these painted casts,the kore Acro.682 is the best preserved kore from the Acropolis.This cast was cleaned in 2004 and used for a mould and a further cast,which gives a lot of information about the motives of the borders and ornaments and their pattern.This new cast is opportune to complete the missing parts like broken curls,arms,hands and plaits,some fragments of other korai give a clue for the reconstruction.And looking at all vestiges of painted decoration on the marble itself,on the cast and the watercolours it is possible to gain a full reconstruction of one of the most important types of late Archaic(ca.6~(th)cent.B.C.) sculpture.And by this now,it is possible for the first time,to get an idea of the relation of shape,design and colour in the late archaic period.

[中文刊名]：文博 [出版日期]：2009-12-15 [CN]：61-1009/K [ISSN]：1000-7954

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