作者：徐新;

机构：南京大学哲学宗教学系;

中文关键词：犹太教;;律法;;北美犹太人;;多样性

英文关键词：Judaism;;Law;;North American

中文摘要：犹太教的本质体现为对上帝的信仰和对其律法的遵从。由于对上帝的信仰只是被视为是犹太教的前提,犹太教一向不注重对上帝本质的论述,因此,对其律法的遵从便成为犹太教事实上的主体。在日常生活中是否践行律法是犹太教有别于其他一神信仰的主要标准,也是判断一个犹太人是否守教的主要标准。当今北美犹太人在践行犹太律法中表现出的"多样性"突出体现了犹太教这一"自由"解读律法以及在自身内容上添加新思维的传统。了解犹太教在当代北美的新表现有助于认识犹太教在当代的发展趋势。

英文摘要：As the father of all monotheisms,Judaism shows its essential in two aspects:to have faith in God and to obey the Law.As faith in God has been seen merely as the premise of Judaism,it has never put much emphasis on a discussion of the essence of God.Thus to obey the Law has become the virtual subject of Judaism.Whether or not one obeys the law in his/her daily life is the criterion between Judaism and other forms of monotheism.It is also the criterion to accept one as an observant Jew.Jews and Judaism are inseparable,which manifests itself in the daily observance of the Law,although the degree varies in different times.Herein Judaism puts much emphasis on observance of the Law in one's everyday life,but it is not a rigid religion.As to the meanings of the Law,it has left a window for"free"interpretations.It allows each generation of the Jewish people to interpret the Law from their own time,place and actual life conditions,making additions or deductions as necessary.New interpretations can be given that will meet people's needs and guide their lives.Today's Jews in North America show a great pluralism in their practice of the Jewish law.It's a vivid indication of the Jewish tradition of free interpretation of the Law and taking new thoughts into the system.To know more about the new faces of Judaism in contemporary North America will help us understand its development trends in today's world.

[中文刊名]：世界宗教文化 [出版日期]：2010-04-15 [CN]：11-3631/B [ISSN]：1007-6255

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