作者：陈胜前;

机构：吉林大学边疆考古研究中心;

中文关键词：

英文关键词：

中文摘要：<正>目次一生态交错带适应的一般模式二史前文化适应方式的转换三环境格局的变化与适应变迁四结语燕山-长城南北地区是考古学研究上有特殊意义的地区。其地处蒙古高原到华北平原、东北平原的过渡地带,海河流域北部、滦河下游为其南区域,滦河上游、大小凌河、辽河上游地区为其北区域。我国400毫米降水分界线即位于此,也是北方干旱区与半干旱-半湿润区的过渡地带。

英文摘要：The zones along the south and north sides of the Yangshan Mountains and the Great Wall were important ecotone in China,the environment of which is very instable and sensitive to external changes but the natural resources of which are plentiful and diversified.As the Cultural Ecology Theory on the hunter-gatherers,the hunter-gatherers could deal with the instability of the resources by increasing mobility and storage,extending diet pattern,improving exchanges with other human groups and intensifying the utilization of some resources;compared to those of the non-ecotone zones,the frequency and scale of these methods would be both larger.As for the food producers,they would rely on pluralistic subsistence styles;meanwhile,along with the increasing population,the people would seek for the extension of production scales;if the conditions permitted,the people would also more effectively utilize the social resources,which included developing specialized subsistence,forming symbiotic relations with the stable agricultural people,or seizing profits through warfare,to deal with the risk of instable resources.The archaeological researches revealed that in the late Paleolithic Age,the most important adaptive strategy of the people living in this area applied was increasing mobility.With the ending of the last glacial stage,the food producing economy and the warmer and moister environment created new ecological space in which the Xinglongwa Culture prospered.During the entire Neolithic Age,the main adaptive strategy in this area was the pluralistic subsistence with higher proportion of hunting-and-gathering economy.At the time of Lower Xiajiadian Culture,along with the domestication of horses,the animal husbandry appeared as an economic type,and then developed into nomadic economy.At the same time,the dry farming system based on the cultivation of crops,especially the soybeans,and animal husbandry was established in the North and formed a symbiotic relation with the nomadic economy.The ecological bottleneck of this zone forced the people living here to utilize the steppe resource which was much richer and to construct new subsistence style.

[中文刊名]：考古学报 [出版日期]：2011-01-15 [CN]：11-1209 [ISSN]：0453-2902

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