作者：付成双;

机构：南开大学世界近现代史研究中心;

中文关键词：“生态的印第安人”;;环境主义;;生态;;资源;;印第安人

英文关键词：

中文摘要："生态的印第安人"是伴随现代环境主义运动的兴起而在欧美逐渐流行起来的一种假说。它其实是历史上白人视印第安人为"高贵的野蛮人"这一传统观念在生态主义时代的新版本。虽然从印第安人的环境伦理和白人到来前他们对当地环境的影响来看,这种形象缺乏足够的历史根据,但却作为当前欧美社会批判西方文化以"征服自然"为特征的环境伦理的一个对照物而逐渐传播开来。在当前北美土著人争取资源控制权的斗争中,"生态的印第安人"形象被各方力量当作了实现各自利益的工具,结果使它在广为流传的同时,也饱受诟病。

英文摘要："The ecological Indian" is an assumption that appeared and was gradually popularized with the rise of the modern environmental movement.In fact,it represents a new version,in the era of environmentalism,of the traditional idea among whites that the Indians were "noble savages." Although from the point of view of the Indians’ environmental ethic and their impact on the environment before the arrival of the whites,this image lacks an adequate historical basis,it has nonetheless spread,in current European and American social criticism,as a contrast to the environmental ethic of Western culture,characterized by "the conquest of nature." In North American indigenous people's current struggle for control of resources,the image of the "ecological Indian" has been used by all sides as a tool to achieve their own ends,so that,though widely accepted,it has also been roundly criticized.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2011-08-25 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

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