作者：车效梅;王泽壮;

机构：山西师范大学历史与旅游文化学院;

中文关键词：城市化;;边缘群体;;伊斯兰革命;;伊朗

英文关键词：

中文摘要：20世纪50年代末60年代初巴列维国王发动"白色革命",自上而下地推行一揽子经济改革计划,包括土地改革、工业化、扫盲、扩大世俗教育、限制宗教势力等。此后的伊朗,在石油繁荣的带动下,经济发展进入快车道,城市化进入加速发展期。城市化迅猛推进导致伊朗阶级结构嬗变。一方面,两大传统精英阶层乌里玛和巴扎商人的中心地位丧失而渐趋边缘化;另一方面,两大新生阶层即城市新移民和现代知识分子由于政治排斥而被边缘化。传统精英阶层因为利益受损对现实不满,新生阶层则受制度排斥而反对政府。随着伊朗政治生态的恶化,四大阶层走向联合,最终推翻了巴列维王朝。

英文摘要：During the late 1950s and early 1960s,Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi launched the White Revolution,implementing a package of top-down reforms,including land reform,industrialization,elimination of illiteracy,the expansion of secular education and limitation of religious forces.Thereafter,Iran,powered by the oil boom,entered the fast lane in terms of economic development and the acceleration of urbanization.The rapid advance of urbanization led to the evolution of Iran's social structure.On the one hand,the two traditional elite groups,the ulema and bazaar merchants,lost their central status and were gradually marginalized;on the other hand,the two new strata,the city's new immigrants and the modern intelligentsia,were also marginalized because of political exclusion.The traditional elite were dissatisfied because of the damage to their interests,while the emerging strata were against the government because of their political exclusion.With the deterioration of Iran's political environment,the four strata eventually joined hands to overthrow the Shah.

[中文刊名]：历史研究 [出版日期]：2011-10-25 [CN]：11-1213/K [ISSN]：0459-1909

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