作者：李方;

机构：中国社会科学院中国边疆史地研究中心;

中文关键词：前秦;;苻坚;;中国;;民族

英文关键词：Qian Qin,FuJian,China,nationality

中文摘要：前秦是氐族建立的国家。前秦苻坚灭前凉后开始自称前秦为"中国",这是时代的一大进步。秦、汉、三国、西晋称"中国"者皆汉族,魏晋南北朝时期少数民族自称治下为"中国"乃后赵石氏首开其例,但其内涵不如前秦。氐族是汉化最深的少数民族。苻坚采取优待各民族的政策,施行仁德之政,实质是全力推行汉化,实现中国"六合一统"的目标。前秦崩溃的原因很多,但与苻坚的认识误区密切相关。

英文摘要：The Qianqin dynasty was set up by the Di people.It was the great progress of era that Fujian who was the king of Qianqin vanquished Qianliang nation and then began to regard his region as "Central Kingdom".However,the previous dynasties such as Qin Dynasty,Han Dynasty,Three Kingdoms and Western Jin Dynasty were all Chinese Hans which claimed to be China.However,the Shi dynasty in Later zhao was the first minority group who considered his own state as China,but its connotation was far less than Qianqin.Conclusively,Di ethnic group was the most closely resembling Chinese in terms of Han nationality's culture.The nature of preferential polices to other folks and appeasement solutions adopted by Fujian was to spread Chinese culture and lifestyles,which was also his final aim to unify China.Admittedly,there were many reasons causing the demise of Qianqin,the main ones were closely related to the misunderstanding of Fujian.

[中文刊名]：西北民族研究 [出版日期]：2010-02-15 [CN]：62-1035/D [ISSN]：1001-5558

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