作者：图门其其格,恩和

机构：内蒙古大学周边国家研究所,内蒙古大学周边国家研究所!010021

中文关键词：蒙古国;;哈萨克族;;民族政策

英文关键词：Mongolia; Kazakh; Ethnic problem; Ethnic policy

中文摘要：蒙古国的民族构成以蒙古族为主，占总人口的90％以上，蒙古族内的十几个部族虽然在方言、风俗习惯和服饰上有所差别，但能自由交流。哈萨克、乌梁海、图瓦、霍屯等突厥民族只占6％多一点。蒙古国民族问题的主要表现是哈萨克族的迁徙问题。在1991-1992年间就有4.1万人迁居到哈萨克斯坦国。迁徙的主要原因：一是蒙古国历届政府对民族理论和民族宗教政策的研究落实不得力;二是受国际大气候的影响，泛民族主义意识抬头。针对这种情况，蒙古国政府采取了协商解决一切问题的方针，及时出台了一些政策法规，收到了较好的成效。

英文摘要：The People’s Republic of Mongolia is inhabital mainly by Mongos, covering more than 90% of the population. Grouped into over 10 clans, the Mongols deffer in dialects, dressing customs, and so forth, yet, they can communicate to each other easily. Other Turki people like Kazakh take up only around 6%. So far as Ethnic problem is concemed, migration might be an obvious reflection. Between 1991 and 1992, there were 41 thousand people who moved to Hasakastan.There are two main reasons for this:1) The previous governments in different periods did not pay enough attention to the study of naional theory or that of the policy in terms of Ethnic beiefs.2) Influenced by the intemational environment, some people stick to the sense of Pan-naionalism.In response to that, the People’s Republic of Mongolia took the principle of solving the problem through negotiation and made some laws in time, producing a good result.

[中文刊名]：西北民族研究 [出版日期]：1999-12-30 [CN]：62-1035/D [ISSN]：1001-5558

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