作者：张世才;

机构：新疆大学历史系;

中文关键词：南疆;;社会结构;;伯克;;宗教职业者;;平民;;阶层;;和卓

英文关键词：South Xinjiang;social structure;Beg religious professional common people;stratum;class;change

中文摘要：清代南疆基本社会结构的形成可追溯至当地伊斯兰化初期,蒙古入侵虽冲击了当地原有的社会结构,但随着民族融合的发展,原以职业为基础的社会结构模式并无根本上的变化。叶尔羌汗国后期最大的变化是和卓阶层的崛起及建立起有利于本阶层的政教合一权力结构,清政府对天山南路的统一是从对当地社会等级结构与权力结构进行彻底有利于自己的改造开始的,虽然清政府最终变成了一切权力与威望的来源,但当地社会仍等级森严。新疆建省后,原有等级结构的松动和阶级结构的强化是南疆社会结构变迁的主要特征,这种变化具有从封建时代向近代化方向转变的进步意义。

英文摘要：The basic social structure of southern Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty dates back to its early days of being Islamic.Though Mongolian aggression shocked the local social structure,they did not change its fundamental pattern which was based on professions because of the fusion of ethnic groups.The maximum change happened with the rise of Khoja stratum in later period of Yarkand Khanate,when hey established a power structure uniting politics and religion as a whole.It started from the thorough reform of local social stratum and power structures that Qing government united the south Tianshan road.However,the local society maintained rigidly stratified,although Qing government became at last the source of whole power and prestige.After Xinjiang province was established in 1884,the stratum structure loosened up,while a class structure was formed and enhanced gradually,featuring a great change of social structure in southern Xinjiang at that time.This change is of progressive meaning of transforming from feudal times into modernization.

[中文刊名]：西域研究 [出版日期]：2012-01-15 [CN]：65-1121/C [ISSN]：1002-4743

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