作者：周裕锴

机构：四川大学中国俗文化研究所 四川成都610064

中文关键词：阐释学;;佛教疏论;;格义;;理解与解释;;文化比附

英文关键词：hemeneutics; Shulun in Buddhism; Geyi; understanding and interpretation; cultural comparison

中文摘要：中国佛学对印度佛典的理解与解释近乎一种文化"嫁接"。最初的佛典讲解者必须将自己的理解与解释置入汉民族的生活语境中,因而采用了一种用中国儒道学说来比附印度佛教学说的"格义"的阐释方法。关于"格义"的使用年代与确切含义的理解,学界有不同看法,但考其精神实质,应是一种"傅会中西之学说"的方法。"格义"方法充分证明了存在的历史性决定了理解的历史性这一阐释学原理。自东晋至隋唐,阐释佛教教义的"疏"、"论"大量出现,学术争鸣通过对佛典文本的阐释差异表现出来:因对同一经典的不同阐释而形成派别,因对不同经典的阐释而形成各种师说,因对不同经典的尊崇与发挥而形成不同宗派。通过对《法华经》"方便"一词各种解说的考察,可发现中国佛教的经疏有四个特点,即阐释的附会性、扩展性、细密性、多元性。佛教义学的疏论,是中国文化与印度佛教文化相互交流融合的典范之一。

英文摘要：As for Chinese Buddhism, the understanding and interpretation of Indian Buddhist sutra is nearly a kind of cultural "grafting". The earliest interpreters of Buddhist sutra must combine their own understanding and interpretation with the life context of the Han people, that is why they adopt the Geyi hermeneutical method of comparing Indian Buddhist theory to Chinese Confucianism and Taoism. Scholars think differently so far as the time and exact meanings of Geyi are concerned, yet the essence of that should be a method combining the western and eastern cultures. The Geyi method fully proves the hermeneutical principle that the history of existence decides that of understanding. From Eastern Jin Dynasty till Sui and Tang Dynasty, there have appeared a lot of Jing and Shu , and academic discussions find their way in different interpretations of Buddhist sutras and texts. Hence different schools come into being. Taking the example of "fangbian" in Fa Hua Jing, we can find 4 features of Jingshu in Chinese Buddhism, i.e., relatedness, extensiveness, delicacy and diversity. Shulun is a good example of the combination of Chinese culture and Indian Buddhist culture. Shulun in Buddhist Hermeneutics is a good example of integrity between Chinese culture and Indian one.

[中文刊名]：四川大学学报(哲学社会科学版) [出版日期]：2003-11-20 [CN]：51-1099/C [ISSN]：1006-0766

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