作者：谌永生,王乃昂,范娟娟,张春慧,贾艳琴

机构：兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州大学资源环境学院 兰州730000 ,兰州730000 ,兰州730000 ,兰州730000 ,兰州730000

中文关键词：旅游;;感知;;态度;;旅游生命周期;;敦煌

英文关键词：tourism; perception; attitude; tourism life cycle; Dunhuang

中文摘要：本文对敦煌旅游业的发展状况做了初步分析;深入调查研究了敦煌市区居民对旅游影响的感知以及对旅游业发展的态度。结果表明,目前敦煌正处于旅游生命周期的“成熟巩固阶段”;敦煌市区居民对旅游正面影响的感知明显强于对负面影响的感知;并已形成了较为鲜明的“有矛盾的支持者”、“热爱者”、“现实主义者”、“顾虑者”和“憎恨者”等5类群体,但后两类居民所占比例很小;居民总体上对旅游业的发展持较为理智的支持态度;不同人口统计学特征居民的感知及态度存在一定的差异。最后建议通过建立健全的旅游社区参与机制,来调控敦煌市居民对旅游影响的感知。

英文摘要：The perceived impacts of tourism on host communities, and residents' attitude toward tourism development, is an important issue. In this article, specifically, a cluster analysis is conducted in order to group residents with similar perceptions of tourism impacts,and a One-Way ANOVA analysis is to examine whether there are significant differences of tourism perceptions and attitudes among different residents. Results of this research show that:(1)In Dunhuang resort, the consolidation stage of Butler′s tourism life cycle theory has come in;(2)In general, the Dunhuang residents are likely to perceive positive tourism impacts more strongly than negative tourism impacts;(3)The result of Hierarchical cluster analysis based on the residents' perceptions of tourism impacts indicates five clusters are identified in Dunhuang ,including "Ambivalent supporters"(37.1% of the sample)、"Lovers"(10.8%)、"Realists"(43.2%)、"Concerned for a reason”(6.6%)and "Haters"( 2.4%). These clusters represent nested communities in that each is comprised of residents with similar views about how tourism impacts their respective communities;(4)At the present time, the Dunhuang residents have positive attitude toward tourism development as a whole;(5)One-Way ANOVA analysis shows that there are some differences of perceptions and attitudes among residents with different demographic characteristics. Especially, the residents who are involved in tourism or have immediate family members employed in tourism have stronger perceptions of positive tourism impacts, have weaker perceptions of negative tourism impacts, and have more positive attitude toward tourism when compared to the non-tourism-related residents, which confirms largely a social exchange theory. Male respondents have more aware of negative tourism impacts and have a little more positive attitude than female respondents. Other different demographic characteristic residents do also differ more or less in their perceptions and attitudes toward tourism. It is suggested that a reasonable community participation model be implemented to integrate tourism into the local development in Dunhuang resort,which could lead to more positive perceptions and attitudes.

[中文刊名]：人文地理 [出版日期]：2005-04-30 [CN]：61-1193/K [ISSN]：1003-2398

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