作者：黄易青;

机构：北京师范大学文学院 北京100875

中文关键词：等韵学;;今音学;;守温

英文关键词：study of rhyme diagram;study of Guangyun;Shou Wen the monk

中文摘要：目前所知最早韵图为行于宋代之《韵镜》。《韵镜》已经相当成熟,其前唐代究竟有无韵图,至今仍有不同意见;韵图模式如何,尚没有具体论及。敦煌写本《守温韵学残卷》本身的内容反映,它是基于一种韵图而述的,这种韵图与《韵镜》在基本结构上很相同,推知《韵镜》是由它发展来的。释守温是唐末人,其韵学残卷可据以考知唐代韵图及有关门法的大体内容,弥补对这方面了解的不足。唐代等韵图的结构是:三十字母以唇、舌、牙、齿、喉五音为序,各部位基本以清、次清、浊、清浊为序;每栏分四等,区别洪细;四声相承。唐代亦有门法,如音和、类隔、凭切等,为宋代门法滥觞。唐代韵图和门法反映唐代等韵学的水平,包括对音类、音值审辨的精细程度。其中,“重轻”是分辨等第的,与韵母、声母的洪细都有关系。此卷还反映晚唐西北方音,其中有确凿材料反映晚唐轻唇已在轻唇十韵中分化完毕,正齿音二三等相混,正齿音浊塞擦音床与浊擦音禅相混,洪转为细与浊塞擦转为浊擦有关;觉、药合流,职德与陌麦昔锡相近。

英文摘要：The Remnant Manuscript of Phonology by Monk Shou Wen(Shou Wen Deng Yun Xue Can Juan) was based on a rhyme diagram,from which we can obtain the rough idea about the Rhyme Diagram(Yun Tu) of the Tang Dynasty and the Rhyme Identification Methods(SIM;Men Fa) related to it.The structure of Equivalent Rhyme Diagram(Deng Yun Tu) is as follows: The 36 letters were arranged in the order of labials,lingual,dorsal,dentals,and laryngeal;every column was divided into four classes,and the four tones were related to each other.The RIM such as inhomogeneous pronunciation and unisonous ones was already there in Tang Dynasty.The Manuscript also reflects that the bifurcation of the labiodentals had come into beiog in the late Tang Dynasty,the groups of Zhuang(庄)and Zhang(章),and that of Chuang(床)and Shan(禅),had been mixed;the vowels in the characters Jue(觉)and Yao(药)had merged;and Zhi(职)De(德)and Mo(陌)Mai(麦)Xi(昔)Xi(锡)were near to each other.

[中文刊名]：北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) [出版日期]：2007-05-25 [CN]：11-1514/C [ISSN]：1002-0209

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