作者：南快莫德格

机构：中央民族大学少数民族语言文学学院 北京10080

中文关键词：瓦剌蒙古;;西域诸族;;社会;;联系;;影响

英文关键词：Wala Mongolians; tribes in Western region in ancient China; society; relations;influence

中文摘要：元末明初,瓦剌诸部在"元朝强臣"猛哥帖木儿管辖下,一方面由于自身部落繁衍,另一方面也由于不断吸收和联合周围蒙古与突厥语族其他部落,势力渐强,人数发展到4万户以上,形成了一股强大的政治力量。明初对蒙政策的实施结果,使北元国势衰微,可汗势力大大减弱,于是握有实力的权臣贵族们乘机雄据一方,形成了封建割据局面。由于东蒙古日趋衰落,而蒙古瓦剌势力从此坐大。随着瓦剌活动重心逐渐西移的漫长过程,与西域诸族发生了更加密切的联系,对西域地区错综复杂的历史进程产生过不可低估的影响,为17世纪准噶尔政权的兴起和发展奠定了基础。所以,15世纪后半期至17世纪初的瓦剌,并不是像有些史学家所说的那样,随着也先之死销声匿迹了,而是在西域诸多事务尤其在哈萨克等民族的发展中发挥了积极的作用,是西域多民族社会的一支举足轻重的力量。

英文摘要：At the turn of Yuan and Qing Dynasties, under the rule of Menggetiemuer, Wala tribes developed into a mighty political power with more than 40,000 households due to their own procreation, absorbing and uniting other surrounding Mongolian and Turkish tribes. As a result of Yuan Dynasty's Mongolian policy, the power of Khan was reduced and feudalistic warlordism came into being. Contrast to the decline of eastern Mongolians these tribes gradually became powerful, moved westwards, established closer relationship with tribes in western region, left great influence on the development of this region, and laid a firm foundation for the prosperity and development of Zhunger in 17th century. Therefore, they did not extinct in 15th- 17th centuries after Yexian died (as some historians said); on the contrary, as an important power they played a positive role in the development of the minorities in this region, especially Kazak.

[中文刊名]：西北民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版) [出版日期]：2005-04-30 [CN]：62-1023/C [ISSN]：1001-5140

下载全文 下载CAJ阅读器